Evaluating The Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Titanium Discs Coated With Nanosized Natural Zeolite And Photodynamic Therapy Against Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans - An In Vitro Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Peri-implant infections mirror periodontal disease, with A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis as key pathogens. Adjunctive therapies such as systemic and topical antibiotics, antiseptics such as citric acid, hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, ultrasonic devices, and laser treatments have been recommended to improve the non-invasive treatment options of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Diode lasers (940 nm) effectively target gram-negative anaerobic bacteria like those causing peri-implantitis. Indocyanine green (ICG) shows promise in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT), significantly reducing pathogens. Recently, different kinds of nanoparticles have been used in aPDT to improve photosensitizer solubility, photochemistry, photophysics, and targeting. Zeolite nanoparticles are known for their low cytotoxicity and biocompatibility. Moreover, it has been shown that applying zeolite crystals adjacent to the bone can enhance osteoblast cell attachment and proliferation. AIM To assess and compare the effect of a combination of Nanosized natural zeolite and photodynamic therapy using Indocyanine green against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans biofilm on titanium discs.