Intra-articular autologous platelet rich plasma vs corticosteroid injection in osteoarthritis of knee: a one year hospital based comparative study

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is one of the most common degenerative joint disorders worldwide and is characterized by progressive structural changes that affect the entire joint, including cartilage, subchondral bone, synovium, and periarticular tissues. The global prevalence of knee OA is increasing due to aging populations and risk factors such as obesity, female sex, biomechanical stress, and prior joint injuries, leading to a significant burden on healthcare systems and patient quality of life. Biologic agents have recently attracted significant attention in the context of regenerative medicine and orthopedics, particularly platelet-rich plasma (PRP). PRP is produced by centrifuging a patient’s own blood to concentrate platelets, which release growth factors and cytokines that can modulate inflammation, encourage chondrogenic activity, and enhance tissue repair. Growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, and insulin-like growth factor have been implicated in chondrocyte proliferation and matrix synthesis, potentially restoring or stabilizing cartilage structure over time. Corticosteroid injections remain a pragmatic and cost-effective choice in clinical practice, providing rapid relief for patients experiencing acute exacerbations of pain. Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of intra articular platelet rich plasma versus intra articular corticosteroid in mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis.