The incidence of acute kidney injury in neonates with congenital heart disease in a tertiary care hospital over a period of one year

Abstract

Background: Neonatal acute kidney injury (nAKI) is an underexplored yet critical issue in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), particularly in neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD). Given the increased risk of morbidity and mortality associated with nAKI, early detection using reliable biomarkers is essential for timely intervention. Objective: This study aims to compare serum creatinine and serum cystatin-C as biomarkers for early detection of neonatal AKI in neonates with CHD and determine the incidence of acute kidney injury in neonates with congenital heart disease, identify associated risk factors, and assess the outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at KLES Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Research Centre over one year, involving 40 neonates diagnosed with CHD in their first week of life. Serum creatinine and serum cystatin-C levels were measured between days 4 and 7 of life. The diagnosis of AKI was based on modified neonatal KDIGO guidelines. Demographic data, clinical history, and neonatal outcomes were analysed Bstatistically.