A Randomized Clinical Trial To Compare Palonosetron And Ondansetron For Prevention Of Post Operative Nausea And Vomiting

Abstract

BACK GROUND AND OBJECTIVES: ABSTRACT Nausea and vomiting have been associated for many years with the use of anaesthetic techniques for surgical procedure. Objective of the present study is to compare the efficacy of Palonosetron and Ondansetron for prevention of post operative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia. METHODOLOGY: The present one year randomized clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, K.L.E’S Hospital and M.R.C. Belgaum during the period of JAN 2011-DEC 2011 on 140 patients undergoing abdominal surgeries under GA. A thorough pre-anaesthetic evaluation was performed by taking history and clinical examination. Weight, basal heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure were recorded. Investigations like complete blood count, urine routine were done. Investigations like blood sugar, electrocardiogram and chest x-ray were performed if required. After explaining the anaesthetic procedure, written informed consent for participation in the study was obtained. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups, Group I ( Control group) and Group II ( Study group) of 70 each by computer generated randomization. Occurrence of PONV was noted and was scored for 24 hrs. RESULTS: The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in the Palonosetron group compared with the Ondansetron group ( 24.3% vs 78.6%, respectively ) . And emetic episodes were observed in 5.71% of patients in Palonosetron group compared to 61.4% of patients in Ondansetron group. The results were clinically and statistically significant. iv INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: Incidence of ponv and emetic episodes is less in patients who had received iv Palonosetron in comparison to those who had received iv Ondansetron in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries under GA. From the study we conclude that Palonosetron is more efficacious than ondansetron for prevention of PONV in patients undergoing abdominal surgery under GA.