Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in patients undergoing upper gastro intestinal endoscopy at kles dr. Prabhakar kore hospital – a one year cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background and objectives ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) infection is the principal cause of chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease and a major contributor for gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. The present study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of H. pylori and its association with gastritis. Methodology The present one year cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum over a period, from January 2011 to December 2011 A total of 175 patients undergoing upper gastro intestinal endoscopy were included in the study. Two biopsy specimens were obtained from the antrum. Biopsy was also taken from any suspicious lesions, if noted. One biopsy specimen from the antrum was used for rapid urease test and the remaining biopsy specimen sent for HPR. Results In the present study most of the patients ( 73.71% ) were males. The male to female ratio was 2.80:1. Most of the patients were aged between 46 to 60 years ( 37.17% ) . The mean age of the study population was 49.47 ± 15.22 years. 94.86% of patients presented with pain abdomen. The next common complaint was vomiting which was present in 50.86%. The endoscopic findings revealed acute gastritis in 42.29% patients and chronic gastritis in 24% patients. Based on III histopathological findings, chronic gastritis was present among 69.14% patients and acute gastritis in 16%. Conclusion and interpretation Based on rapid urease test prevalence of H. pylori infection was 54.29% and histopathological reports revealed 29.14% prevalence of H. pylori infection. Rapid urease test showed 88.2% sensitivity and 59.6% specificity, 47.3% positive predictive value and 92.5% negative predictive value in diagnosing H. pylori infection when compared with histopathology. The association between H. pylori infection and gastritis could not be established in this study.