Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Psoriatic Patients Attending KLE’S Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Center,Belagavi

Abstract

Background Psoriasis is a multi-system inflammatory disease where the skin, nails and joints are commonly affected. Psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular atherosclerosis. Metabolic syndrome, a conglomerate of various clinical and biochemical parameters is a significant predictor of atherosclerotic disease and the associated risk for cardiovascular events in such patients. Dermatologists should be aware of these associations as they may be in a position to detect them early, thus, allowing early intervention that may improve the overall quality of life of the patient. There are many reports that psoriatic patients tend to have concurrent illnesses that are termed as comorbidities, though there are remarkably few studies from India. Hence, this study has been taken up to know the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in psoriasis. Methodology The present one year hospital based cross sectional study was done on a total of 100 psoriatic patients who attended KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi from January 2017 to December 2017. A written consent form was obtained. All the patients were screened for metabolic syndrome according to NCEP-ATP III criteria. Venous samples were taken at the enrolment visit after the subjects had fasted overnight (at least 8 h). Serum cholesterol and triglycerides were measured with enzymatic procedures. Plasma glucose was measured using a glucose oxidase method. Sample size was calculated using the Chi square test. Analysis of data was performed by SPSS software. An ethical committee clearance was obtained prior to the start of the study. Results In our study, 32 out of 100 psoriatic patients(32%) where positive for metabolic syndrome. 69% of the study population were males and 31% were females. PASI <9 was seen in 64% of the population. Chronic plaque psoriasis was the commonest type of psoriasis, seen in 75% of the patients. 41% of the patients had psoriasis since 1-5 years. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, duration of the disease, PASI were statistically significant in relation to occurrence of metabolic syndrome Conclusion Psoriasis is a systemic disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with psoriasis should be routinely screened for metabolic syndrome and treated accordingly to manage cardio-metabolic risk, while clinicians should monitor potential effects on treatment efficacy and safety in patients with co-morbid psoriasis and metabolic syndrome. Further research will be necessary to establish the directionality of this association and to explore the impact of treatment on these co-morbid diseases.