A Comparative Study of Insulin Resistance in Offsprings of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Non Diabetic Patients -A One Year Cross Sectional Hospital Based Study

Abstract

Background and objectives ABSTRACT Type 2 diabetes, is increasing worldwide in epidemic proportions. It has been estimated that the diabetic population will double from 150 to 300 million in the next 25 years. The objective of the present study was to assess the insulin resistance in offsprings of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with offspings of non diabetic patients. Methods The present prospective cross sectional study, was conducted in the Department of Medicine, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum during the period January 2008 to December 2008. The study was approved by the Ethical and Research Committee of J. N. Medical College, Belgaum. Insulin resistance in offsprings of type 2 diabetic patients was compared with offsprings of non diabetic patients. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed according to World Health Organization criteria and patients with normal glucose tolerance were included in the study. Results Among the 71 subjects, 35 belonged to case group and 36 belonged to control group. The study was age, sex and BMI matched. The mean insulin levels in case group, was found to be higher ( 23.7 ± 19.77 mU/L ) when compared to control group ( 9.9 ± 7.42 mU/L ) , which was statistically significant ( p=0.000) . Insulin resistance was calculated based on HOMA-IR index. A cut-off of more than or equal to 3.2 was taken. Mean HOMA-IR index was higher in case group IX ( 5.8 ± 4.81) when compared to control group ( 2.2 ± 1.63) . This was statistically significant ( p=0.000) . Insulin resistance among offpsrings, was found to higher in case group ( 48.6% ) when compared to control group ( 19.4% ) . This was statistically significant ( p=0.009) . Conclusions and interpretation Hence, risk of insulin resistance is significantly more in offsprings of diabetic parents when compared to offpsrings of non diabetic parents.