Correlation Of Clinical Profile With Different Serological Diagnostic Parameters In Dengue Fever – One Year Hospital Based Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background and objectives There is wide variation in the clinical profile of dengue fever we hypothesized that, clinical profile may also vary in different serological tests which used for the detection of dengue infection and attempted to evaluate and correlate the clinical profile in different serological diagnostic parameters. Methodology This one year cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Medicine, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum. A total of 180 dengue fever patients confirmed through dengue serology with either NS1 antigen or IgM and/or IgG antibody from January 2014 to December 2014 were studied. Results Majority of the patients (72.22%) were males and male to female ratio was 2.6:1. The commonest age group was 18 to 30 years (50.56%) and mean age was 32.96 ± 12.79 years. Mean day of presentation to the hospital was 5.92±2.04 days. All the patients presented with fever (100%). 34.44% of the patients were IgM and IgG positive, 33.89% IgG positive, 26.11% NS1 positive and 5.56% of the patients were IgM positive. With regard to clinical features, arthralgia, rash and melaena significantly varied in different dengue serological tests (p<0.050). Significant difference was noted pertaining to platelet count (p=0.010) as IgM and IgG positive had significantly higher number of patients with severe thrombocytopenia (<20,000 /cumm) (p=0.010). The mean platelet count differed significantly in dengue serological tests. Positive association was noted between rash and platelet count (p<0.050). With regard to renal profile, significant difference was noted in serum creatinine levels (p=0.029). Significantly higher number of patients with IgG positive had low bicarbonate levels and mean bicarbonate levels also differed significantly with dengue serology (p<0.050). Conclusion and interpretation There is wide variation in clinical profile of dengue fever within the different serological tests.