Clinical and Laboratory Evaluation of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Elderly Population: A One year Cross-Sectional Study at KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital

Abstract

Need for Study In the developing countries, the factors responsible for ARF are different from the factors causing ARF in the developed world. In India, the number of studies(9-14)on AKI in elderly are very limited as parallel with the increasing number of AKI cases in the elderly. Aims & Objectives – The study was aimed at studying the clinical profile of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) among elderly subjects presenting to a tertiary care teaching hospital. Material and Methods – The current study was a cross sectional study of 200 elderly subjects aged 65 and above with acute kidney injury, conducted in the department of General medicine KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belagavi for a period of 1 year from january 2016 to december 2016. Results & Conclusions – The mean age was 70.46 years. The youngest person was 65 years old and the oldest person was 93-years-old. 1. The most common co-morbidities present in the study population were Hypertension (36.50%), Diabetes mellitus (34%) and Ischemic Heart Disease (11%). 2. The most common diagnosis in the study population was Acute Gastroenteritis in 28.50% of the study population, followed by Pyelonephritis in 16% of the population and Urosepsis in 12% of the population. The other common diagnoses were Obstructive Uropathy in 8.5%, Pneumonia in 6.5%, NSAID induced nephropathy in 5.05% and lower limb cellulitis in 4% of the subjects. 3. In histopathology of 29 specimens, ATN (Acute Tubular Necrosis) was the most common abnormality seen in 75.86% of specimens. The other common histopathological findings were AIN (Acute Interstitial Nephritis) in 10.34%, ATIN (Acute Tubular Interstitial Nephritis) was seen in 6.89% and HIVAN (HIV associated nephropathy) and RPGN (Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis) 3.44% subjects each.