Acute Kidney Injury In Dengue Fever, A One Year Hospital Based Crosssectional Study

Abstract

Background and objectives Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in patients with dengue infection (DI) remains least studied. This study was designed to evaluate prevalence of AKI in DF and find out the predictors of development of AKI in patients with DI. Methodology This one year hospital based cross sectional study was performed in the Department of General Medicine, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi from January 2017 to December 2017. A total of 535 eligible patients with DI were enrolled. These patients were evaluated for AKI based on acute kidney injury network (AKIN) criteria. Results Majority of the patients were males (75.51%) and male to female ratio was 3.08:1. Most of the patients were aged between 18 to 30 years (59.25%) and mean age was 31.52±12.47 years. Majority of the patients (82.99%) had DF, 15.7% of the patients had dengue haemorrhagic fever and 1.31% of the patients had dengue shock syndrome. The prevalence of AKI was 5.79% in patients with dengue fever. Other than AKI, hepatitis (1.5%), MODS (0.93%) encephalitis (0.37%) were the complications noted. Majority of the patients (99.07%) improved and discharged and mortality was noted in 0.93% of the patients. Significant association was found between AKI and male sex, age, severity of disease, other complication, hypotension, serum creatinine at admission, platelet count <20,000/cumm, blood urea at admission and mortality (p<0.050). Also significant differences were noted in patients with and without AKI pertaining to age, pulse rate, respiratory rate, total count, neutrophils, lymphocyte, monocyte, International normalized ratio, aPTT), blood urea, Serum creatinine on day one, bicarbonate, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase (p<0.050). However no association was found between AKI with serositis (p=0.097), Conclusion and interpretation There is high prevalence of AKI in patients presenting with DI in the study area hence it cannot be neglected.