One year Cross-Sectional Study to Determine Ocular Changes in Diabetic End Stage Kidney Diseases at KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum

Abstract

Background and objectives ABSTRACT Diabetic nephropathy that is Kimmelsteil Wilson lesion or intercapillary glomerulonephritis is progressive kidney disease causes angiopathy. This syndrome is seen in chronic diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy is most common cause of kidney failure and end stage kidney disease. Present study was undertaken to find ocular changes and complications associated with diabetic end stage kidney diseases. Methodology The present one year cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belgaum during the period of January 2008 to December 2008 on 50 patients with diabetes mellitus and undergoing renal haemodialysis. The patients were subjected to general physical examination and systemic examination. Ocular examination was carried out to assess best corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure and detailed examination of anterior and posterior segment. Results In the present study male ( 74% ) preponderance was seen. Fifty percent ( 50% ) of the patients were in the age group of > 60 years. Thirty two ( 32% ) of patients had duration of renal dialysis less than six months. Twenty six ( 26% ) eyes had duration of vision loss within a year with duration of diabetes upto four years. Blurring of vision was most important symptom noticed among the X patients. Patients with decreased vision < 6/24 were about ( 47% ) . Most of them were of gradual onset and remaining patients were having vision of 6/6 to 6/18 in 53%. Eighty percent 80% of eyes had diabetic retinopathy in one or other form. Overall ocular changes seen in the patients were diabetic retinopathy ( 48% ) , hypertensive retinopathy ( 12% ) and cataract ( 9% ) . Proliferative diabetic retinopathy was the commonest ( 50% ) cause of visual impairment. Conclusion and interpretation The study may be concluded that patients with diabetic end stage kidney diseases are at high risk of ocular morbidities. Timely screening and treatment may help to reduce the ocular morbidities in this group.