A Hospital Based One Year Cross Sectional Study To Know The Prevalence Of Osteoporosis In Men Aged More Than 50 Years Using Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan (Dexa)

Abstract

Background and Objectives: ABSTRACT Osteoporosis is one of the most common non communicable disease in elderly men. It is also one of the most common under diagnosed condition in our Indian population. Aim of the study was to know the prevalence of osteoporosis in men aged more than 50 years in our region. To find out the various risk factors associated with osteoporosis. Methodology : Data was collected from all men with age more than 50 years attending outpatient and inpatient Orthopaedics department and also males attending osteoporosis check up camps who were willing to undergo DEXA Scan. DEXA scan of hip and spine was done, to assess BMD. Various other risk factors were evaluated through a questionnaire. T Scores and Z Scores were evaluated for the presence of osteoporosis based on WHO Criteria. Results: 101 men aged more than 50 years were studied. Prevalence of osteoporosis at the spine was 37.62% while at the hip was 28.71%. The overall prevalence was 39.60%. Mean height of osteoporotic men was not significantly different from other men, however osteoporotic men had lower body weight and significantly lower body mass index. Predominantly osteoporotic men were those involved in indoor office work & Retired men staying in home ( 52.2% ) with reduced duration of exposure of sunlight. Also most osteoporotic men were vegetarians ( 47.22% ) .The prevalence of osteoporosis was higher among the group with inadequate exposure to sunlight ( 45.45% ) . 3.96% men had positive family history for fracture of the hip and wrist after trivial fall and all the 3.96% men had osteoporosis in this study. iii Conclusion and interpretation: High prevalence in this semi urban group of men is a cause for concern. Measures such as adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, physical activity and exposure to sunlight will be useful in preventing occurrence of osteoporosis. As the diagnosis and long term treatment of osteoporosis and consequent fractures are expensive for the individual as well as the health system, there is a need for careful consideration in determining the risk factors as well as the future course of action on scientific evidence.